Replacement is justified only when safety, function, or stability cannot be achieved otherwise. Before removing original material, explore shims, dutchmen, and internal supports. When substitution is unavoidable, mark the new element discreetly and record decisions, ensuring honesty while protecting utility for daily life and respectful display.
Tone fills and retouches so they disappear at a normal viewing distance yet remain discernible upon close inspection under raking light. Use reversible dyes and shellac toners, building translucency slowly, avoiding opaque shortcuts that block grain, flatten depth, or outshine the honest glow of age.
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